Which process is a form of fermentation that produces lactic acid?

Which process is a form of fermentation that produces lactic acid?

• A. Fermentation
• B. Chemosynthesis
• C. Lactic acid fermentation
• D. Nonsense mutations

Answer: (C)

Lactic acid fermentation is the process that produces lactic acid. In this pathway, pyruvate from glycolysis is reduced to lactate, regenerating NAD+ so glycolysis can continue without oxygen. This explains why muscles can generate quick energy during intense exercise and why certain foods—like yogurt and sourdough—rely on lactate-producing bacteria. The broader term fermentation covers other routes that don’t make lactic acid (for example, some pathways produce ethanol and CO2). Chemosynthesis uses energy from chemical reactions to build organic molecules and isn’t a fermentation process. Nonsense mutations are genetic changes that create premature stop signals and aren’t related to metabolism. So the process that yields lactic acid is lactic acid fermentation.

Lactic acid fermentation is the process that produces lactic acid. In this pathway, pyruvate from glycolysis is reduced to lactate, regenerating NAD+ so glycolysis can continue without oxygen. This explains why muscles can generate quick energy during intense exercise and why certain foods—like yogurt and sourdough—rely on lactate-producing bacteria. The broader term fermentation covers other routes that don’t make lactic acid (for example, some pathways produce ethanol and CO2). Chemosynthesis uses energy from chemical reactions to build organic molecules and isn’t a fermentation process. Nonsense mutations are genetic changes that create premature stop signals and aren’t related to metabolism. So the process that yields lactic acid is lactic acid fermentation.